GO 使用 动态链接库（共享链接库）进行编译 生成动态链接可执行文件

我们使用 go help buildmode 可以看到 go 可以以多种方式进行构建，默认使用静态链接库.

➜  src go help buildmode
the 'go build' and 'go install' commands take a -buildmode argument which
indicates which kind of object file is to be built. currently supported values
are:

    -buildmode=archive
        build the listed non-main packages into .a files. packages named
        main are ignored.

    -buildmode=c-archive
        build the listed main package, plus all packages it imports,
        into a c archive file. the only callable symbols will be those
        functions exported using a cgo //export comment. requires
        exactly one main package to be listed.

    -buildmode=c-shared
        build the listed main package, plus all packages it imports,
        into a c shared library. the only callable symbols will
        be those functions exported using a cgo //export comment.
        requires exactly one main package to be listed.

    -buildmode=default
        listed main packages are built into executables and listed
        non-main packages are built into .a files (the default
        behavior).

    -buildmode=shared
        combine all the listed non-main packages into a single shared
        library that will be used when building with the -linkshared
        option. packages named main are ignored.

    -buildmode=exe
        build the listed main packages and everything they import into
        executables. packages not named main are ignored.

    -buildmode=pie
        build the listed main packages and everything they import into
        position independent executables (pie). packages not named
        main are ignored.

    -buildmode=plugin
        build the listed main packages, plus all packages that they
        import, into a go plugin. packages not named main are ignored.

在macos上我们使用shared 模式，但是显示不支持，我们换成linux平台进行实验：

➜  src go install -buildmode=shared yxpkg 
-buildmode=shared not supported on darwin/amd64

创建libstd.so 库：

root@docker ~/go# go install -buildmode=shared std

创建yxpkg包的 so库：

root@docker ~/go# go install -buildmode=shared -linkshared yxpkg

编译 main.go 生成动态链接的可执行文件：

root@docker ~/g/src# go build -linkshared yaoxu.go

我们对比之前生成的静态链接的可执行文件：发现其可执行文件大小，相差很大；

root@docker ~/g/src# ll
total 1.9m
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  22k aug 29 17:17 yaoxu*
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   87 aug 29 16:57 yaoxu.go
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4.0k aug 29 16:27 yxpkg/
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 1.9m aug 29 16:57 yx_static*

我们分别使用ldd 查看两个文件：

 

 可见，两个文件一个是动态链接文件，一个是静态链接文件。

其中需要注意的是，go进行动态链接编译的时候，还是需要源代码文件辅助编译，我想主要是构建符号表的原因。

还有一些具体的细节，你可以配置自己的环境，自行进行测试；

编译后的工作区的目录结构如下：

 

 其中，yxpkg 是包，yaoxu.go文件中使用到了 yxpkg包中的函数内容；

工作区代码可以在如下连接中找到：https://github.com/yaowenxu/workplace/tree/master/go

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