记我的第二次自动化尝试——selenium+pageobject+pagefactory实现自动化下单、退款、撤销回归测试

需求：

系统需要做下单、退款、撤销的回归测试，有下单页面，所以就想到用selenium做WEB UI 自动化

项目目录结构：

common包上放通用的工具类方法和浏览器操作方法

pageobject包放封装好的页面对象，里面包含页面所有可操作的元素和方法

testcase包放测试用例脚本

data.properties放需要传入的测试数据

result.properties放测试执行后的结果

pom.xml为maven项目的配置文件，解决项目包的依赖问题

testng.xml为testNG框架的配置文件，控制用例的执行

下面开始介绍项目实施过程

1.第一步，新建maven项目，pom.xml文件内容如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"

         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">

    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>elcas</groupId>

    <artifactId>elcas_selenium_pay</artifactId>

    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <build>

    <plugins>

    <plugin>

        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>

        <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>

        <version>3.6.1</version>

        <configuration>

            <source>1.8</source>

            <target>1.8</target>

        </configuration>

    </plugin>

    </plugins>

    </build>

    <dependencies>

    <dependency>

        <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>

        <artifactId>selenium-java</artifactId>

        <version>2.53.1</version>

    </dependency>

    <dependency>

        <groupId>log4j</groupId>

        <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>

        <version>1.2.17</version>

    </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.testng</groupId>

            <artifactId>testng</artifactId>

            <version>6.11</version>

            <!--<scope>compile</scope>-->

        </dependency>

        <!--<dependency>-->

            <!--<groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>-->

            <!--<artifactId>selenium-server</artifactId>-->

            <!--<version>2.53.1</version>-->

        <!--</dependency>-->

    </dependencies>

</project>

2.第二步，编写操作浏览器的方法，和可能用到的工具类方法

 package common;

 import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

 import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxBinary;

 import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;

 import java.io.File;

 import java.io.IOException;

 public class OperateBrower {

     static WebDriver driver;

 public static WebDriver OpenFireFox() throws IOException {

     File firefoxFile=new File("D:\\Program Files (x86)\\Mozilla Firefox\\24.0\\firefox.exe");

     FirefoxBinary binary=new FirefoxBinary(firefoxFile);

     driver =new FirefoxDriver(binary,null);

     return driver;

 }

 public static void OpenURL(String url) throws InterruptedException {

     driver.get(url);

     driver.manage().window().maximize();

 //    Thread.sleep(2000);

 }

 public static void CloseBrower(){

     driver.close();

 }

 public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

 //    File directory = new File("");// 参数为空

 //    String courseFile = directory.getCanonicalPath();

 //    System.out.println(courseFile);

     OperateBrower.OpenFireFox();

     OperateBrower.OpenURL("https://www.baidu.com");

     OperateBrower.CloseBrower();

 }

 }

 package common;

 import java.io.*;

 import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;

 import java.util.Date;

 import java.util.Properties;

 public class UtilMethod {

     public static String getData(String key){

         Properties pro=new Properties();

         try {

            InputStream inputfile= new FileInputStream("data.properties");

             pro.load(new InputStreamReader(inputfile,"utf-8")); 

         } catch (IOException e) {

             e.printStackTrace();

         }

         return pro.getProperty(key);

     }

     public static void setData(String key,String value,String comments){

         Properties pro=new Properties();

         try {

             FileOutputStream outputfile= new FileOutputStream("result.properties",true);

             pro.setProperty(key,value);

             pro.store(new OutputStreamWriter(outputfile,"utf-8"),comments);

         } catch (IOException e) {

             e.printStackTrace();

         }

     }

     public static String getCurrentDate(){

         SimpleDateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");//设置日期格式

 //        System.out.println(df.format(new Date()));// new Date()为获取当前系统时间

         return  df.format(new Date());

     }

     public static void main(String[] args){

 //        System.out.println(getData("URL"));

         setData("中文","22","test");

         setData("121","孩子","test");

 //        getCurrentDate();

     }

 }

读取和写入properties文件时，一开始中文乱码，需要加上相关的把编码类型变成utf-8的语句

3.第三步，创建pageobject对象，通过pagefactory中的@FindBy注解和PageFactory.initElements(driver, this);初始化页面控件元素对象，举个例子

package pageobject;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;

import org.openqa.selenium.support.FindBy;

import org.openqa.selenium.support.PageFactory;

import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;

import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;

public class Pay_page {

    WebDriver driver;

    WebDriverWait wait;

    @FindBy(xpath = "/html/body/div/ul/li[2]/a")

    WebElement tab;

    @FindBy(id="goods")

    WebElement goodsName;

    @FindBy(id="sysmerchantno")

    WebElement merchantNo;

    @FindBy(id="amount")

    WebElement amount;

    @FindBy(id="cardNO")

    WebElement cardNo;

    @FindBy(id="pwd")

    WebElement password;

    @FindBy(id="pay")

    WebElement payButton;

    @FindBy(xpath = "/html/body/div/div[2]/div[7]/div[1]")

    WebElement result;

    @FindBy(xpath = "/html/body/div/div[2]/div[7]/div[2]")

    WebElement orderNo;

    public Pay_page(WebDriver driver) {

        this.driver = driver;

        PageFactory.initElements(driver, this);

    }

    public void clickTab(){

        tab.click();

    }

public void inputGoods(String goodsname){

        goodsName.clear();

        goodsName.sendKeys(goodsname);

}

    public void inputMerchantNo(String merchantno){

        merchantNo.clear();

        merchantNo.sendKeys(merchantno);

    }

    public void inputAmount(String amountStr){

        amount.clear();

        amount.sendKeys(amountStr);

    }

    public void inputCardNo(String cardno){

        cardNo.clear();

        cardNo.sendKeys(cardno);

    }

    public void inputPassword(String pwd){

        password.clear();

        password.sendKeys(pwd);

    }

    public void clickPay(){

        payButton.click();

    }

    public String getResult(){

        wait=new WebDriverWait(driver,10);

        wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOf(result));

       return result.getText();

    }

    public String getOrderNo(){

        wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOf(orderNo));

        String str=orderNo.getText();

        String [] a=str.split(":") ;

        return a[1];

    }

    public void pay(String goods,String merchant,String amount,String cardno,String pwd) throws  Exception{

    clickTab();

    inputGoods(goods);

    inputMerchantNo(merchant);

    inputAmount(amount);

    inputCardNo(cardno);

    inputPassword(pwd);

    clickPay();

    Thread.sleep(2000);

    System.out.println("支付结果是:"+getResult()+"\r\n订单号是："+getOrderNo());

    }

}

第四步，编写测试用例脚本

 package testcase;

 import common.OperateBrower;

 import common.UtilMethod;

 import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

 import org.testng.Assert;

 import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass;

 import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;

 import org.testng.annotations.Test;

 import pageobject.Pay_page;

 public class Pay_testcase {

     WebDriver driver;

     Pay_page payPage;

     @BeforeClass

     public void setUp() throws Exception {

         driver=OperateBrower.OpenFireFox();

         OperateBrower.OpenURL(UtilMethod.getData("URL"));

     }

     @AfterClass

     public void tearDown(){

         OperateBrower.CloseBrower();

     }

     @Test

     public void testPay()throws Exception{

         payPage=new Pay_page(driver);

 //        payPage.clickTab();

 //        Thread.sleep(2000);

         System.out.println("支付用例执行开始");

         payPage.pay(UtilMethod.getData("GOODS"),UtilMethod.getData("MERCHANT"),UtilMethod.getData("AMOUNT"),UtilMethod.getData("CARD"),UtilMethod.getData("PASSWORD"));

         UtilMethod.setData("支付结果",payPage.getResult()+" "+payPage.getOrderNo(),"result");

 //        UtilMethod.setData(+timestamp,payPage.getOrderNo());

 //        Thread.sleep(2000);

         Assert.assertEquals(payPage.getResult(),"支付成功");

         System.out.println("支付用例执行结束");

         System.out.println();

     }

 }

第五步，准备好测试数据，建好存储结果的文件，使用testng.xml运行测试

testng.xml文件

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

 <!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM "http://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd">

 <suite name="regression">

     <test name="all_regression">

         <packages><package name="testcase"></package></packages>

     </test>

     <test name="part_regression">

         <classes>

             <!--<class name="testcase.Pay_testcase"></class>-->

             <!--<class name="testcase.Refund_testcase">-->

                 <!--<methods>-->

                     <!--<include name="testRefund"></include>-->

                 <!--</methods>-->

             <!--</class>-->

             <!--<class name="testcase.Quash_testcase"></class>-->

         </classes>

     </test>

 </suite>

data.properties文件

 URL=https\://手动打码/

 AMOUNT=1

 GOODS=test

 MERCHANT=123

 CARD=6255555555555555

 PASSWORD=123456

result.properties文件

#Thu May 03 15:45:08 CST 2018

支付结果=支付成功 02000435490503154454

希望同行们更够给出改进建议，欢迎交流讨论

记我的第二次自动化尝试——selenium+pageobject+pagefactory实现自动化下单、退款、撤销回归测试的相关教程结束。