使用Httpclient 完美解决服务端跨域问题

2023-05-25,,

项目需求:

jsonp是从前台js的角度考虑,通过Ajax调用springMVC的接口。同一个ip、同一个网络协议、同一个端口,三者都满足就是同一个域,否则就是跨域问题了。首页广告需要一个轮播的效果,取后台数据json格式。上篇博客介绍了使用jsonp来解决跨域,现在有个新的方法来解决,那就是:ajax请求地址改为自己系统的后台地址,之后在自己的后台用HttpClient请求url。封装好的跨域请求url工具类。封装一个get一个POST即可。

两者的区别就在于,jsonp是基于客户端的跨域解决。而httpclient是基于服务端的跨域解决。

我现在有两个maven项目:

Taotao-portal(8082端口)

Taotao-rest(8081端口)

要使用httpclient需要在maven中引用(portal):

    <!-- httpclient -->
    <dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
    <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
    </dependency>
<!-- httpclient -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
</dependency>

rest项目中写了个后台的服务调广告的数据,在portal项目中的service层来调用rest项目中的controller层提供的服务。

httpclient工作图解:

核心代码展示:

(portal项目)contentcontroller.java

    @Controller
    public class ContentController {
    @Autowired
    private ContentService contentService;
    //getdata
    @RequestMapping("/content/{cid}")
    @ResponseBody
    public TaotaoResult getConentList(@PathVariable Long cid){
    try {
    List<TbContent> list=contentService.getContentList(cid);
    return TaotaoResult.ok(list);
    } catch (Exception e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
    return TaotaoResult.build(500, ExceptionUtil.getStackTrace(e));
    }
    }
    }
@Controller
public class ContentController {
@Autowired
private ContentService contentService;
//getdata
@RequestMapping("/content/{cid}")
@ResponseBody
public TaotaoResult getConentList(@PathVariable Long cid){ try {
List&lt;TbContent&gt; list=contentService.getContentList(cid);
return TaotaoResult.ok(list);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return TaotaoResult.build(500, ExceptionUtil.getStackTrace(e));
}
}

}

(portal项目)HttpClientUtil.java

    package com.taotao.common.utils;
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.net.URI;
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.List;
    import java.util.Map;
    import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
    import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
    import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
    import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
    import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
    import org.apache.http.client.utils.URIBuilder;
    import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType;
    import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
    import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
    import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
    import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
    import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
    public class HttpClientUtil {
    public static String doGet(String url, Map<String, String> param) {
    // 创建Httpclient对象
    CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
    String resultString = "";
    CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
    try {
    // 创建uri
    URIBuilder builder = new URIBuilder(url);
    if (param != null) {
    for (String key : param.keySet()) {
    builder.addParameter(key, param.get(key));
    }
    }
    URI uri = builder.build();
    // 创建http GET请求
    HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(uri);
    // 执行请求
    response = httpclient.execute(httpGet);
    // 判断返回状态是否为200
    if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
    resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "UTF-8");
    }
    } catch (Exception e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
    } finally {
    try {
    if (response != null) {
    response.close();
    }
    httpclient.close();
    } catch (IOException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
    }
    }
    return resultString;
    }
    public static String doGet(String url) {
    return doGet(url, null);
    }
    public static String doPost(String url, Map<String, String> param) {
    // 创建Httpclient对象
    CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
    CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
    String resultString = "";
    try {
    // 创建Http Post请求
    HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
    // 创建参数列表
    if (param != null) {
    List<NameValuePair> paramList = new ArrayList<>();
    for (String key : param.keySet()) {
    paramList.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, param.get(key)));
    }
    // 模拟表单
    UrlEncodedFormEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(paramList);
    httpPost.setEntity(entity);
    }
    // 执行http请求
    response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
    resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "utf-8");
    } catch (Exception e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
    } finally {
    try {
    response.close();
    } catch (IOException e) {
    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
    e.printStackTrace();
    }
    }
    return resultString;
    }
    public static String doPost(String url) {
    return doPost(url, null);
    }
    public static String doPostJson(String url, String json) {
    // 创建Httpclient对象
    CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
    CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
    String resultString = "";
    try {
    // 创建Http Post请求
    HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
    // 创建请求内容
    StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(json, ContentType.APPLICATION_JSON);
    httpPost.setEntity(entity);
    // 执行http请求
    response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
    resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "utf-8");
    } catch (Exception e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
    } finally {
    try {
    response.close();
    } catch (IOException e) {
    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
    e.printStackTrace();
    }
    }
    return resultString;
    }
    }
package com.taotao.common.utils;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.net.URI;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.List;

import java.util.Map; import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;

import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;

import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;

import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;

import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;

import org.apache.http.client.utils.URIBuilder;

import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType;

import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;

import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;

import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;

import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;

import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils; public class HttpClientUtil {
public static String doGet(String url, Map&lt;String, String&gt; param) {

	// 创建Httpclient对象
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault(); String resultString = "";
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
try {
// 创建uri
URIBuilder builder = new URIBuilder(url);
if (param != null) {
for (String key : param.keySet()) {
builder.addParameter(key, param.get(key));
}
}
URI uri = builder.build(); // 创建http GET请求
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(uri); // 执行请求
response = httpclient.execute(httpGet);
// 判断返回状态是否为200
if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "UTF-8");
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
if (response != null) {
response.close();
}
httpclient.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return resultString;
} public static String doGet(String url) {
return doGet(url, null);
} public static String doPost(String url, Map&lt;String, String&gt; param) {
// 创建Httpclient对象
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
String resultString = "";
try {
// 创建Http Post请求
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
// 创建参数列表
if (param != null) {
List&lt;NameValuePair&gt; paramList = new ArrayList&lt;&gt;();
for (String key : param.keySet()) {
paramList.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, param.get(key)));
}
// 模拟表单
UrlEncodedFormEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(paramList);
httpPost.setEntity(entity);
}
// 执行http请求
response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "utf-8");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
response.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
} return resultString;
} public static String doPost(String url) {
return doPost(url, null);
} public static String doPostJson(String url, String json) {
// 创建Httpclient对象
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
String resultString = "";
try {
// 创建Http Post请求
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
// 创建请求内容
StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(json, ContentType.APPLICATION_JSON);
httpPost.setEntity(entity);
// 执行http请求
response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "utf-8");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
response.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
} return resultString;
}

}

(rest项目)contentserviceimpl.java

    @Service
    public class ContentServiceImpl implements ContentService {
    //service 写活,读配置文件
    @Value("${REST_BASE_URL}")
    private String REST_BASE_URL;
    @Value("${REST_CONTENT_URL}")
    private String REST_CONTENT_URL;
    @Value("${REST_CONTENT_AD1_CID}")
    private String REST_CONTENT_AD1_CID;
    @Override
    public String getAd1List() {
    //调用服务获得数据  跨域请求:http://localhost:8081/content/89
    String json = HttpClientUtil.doGet(REST_BASE_URL + REST_CONTENT_URL + REST_CONTENT_AD1_CID);
    //把json转换成java对象
    TaotaoResult taotaoResult = TaotaoResult.formatToList(json, TbContent.class);
    //取data属性,内容列表
    List<TbContent> contentList = (List<TbContent>) taotaoResult.getData();
    //把内容列表转换成AdNode列表
    List<AdNode> resultList = new ArrayList<>();
    for (TbContent tbContent : contentList) {
    AdNode node = new AdNode();
    node.setHeight(240);
    node.setWidth(670);
    node.setSrc(tbContent.getPic());
    node.setHeightB(240);
    node.setWidthB(550);
    node.setSrcB(tbContent.getPic2());
    node.setAlt(tbContent.getSubTitle());
    node.setHref(tbContent.getUrl());
    resultList.add(node);
    }
    //需要把resultList转换成json数据
    String resultJson = JsonUtils.objectToJson(resultList);
    return resultJson;
    }
    }
@Service
public class ContentServiceImpl implements ContentService {
//service 写活,读配置文件
@Value("${REST_BASE_URL}")
private String REST_BASE_URL;
@Value("${REST_CONTENT_URL}")
private String REST_CONTENT_URL;
@Value("${REST_CONTENT_AD1_CID}")
private String REST_CONTENT_AD1_CID;
@Override
public String getAd1List() {
//调用服务获得数据 跨域请求:http://localhost:8081/content/89
String json = HttpClientUtil.doGet(REST_BASE_URL + REST_CONTENT_URL + REST_CONTENT_AD1_CID);
//把json转换成java对象
TaotaoResult taotaoResult = TaotaoResult.formatToList(json, TbContent.class);
//取data属性,内容列表
List&lt;TbContent&gt; contentList = (List&lt;TbContent&gt;) taotaoResult.getData();
//把内容列表转换成AdNode列表
List&lt;AdNode&gt; resultList = new ArrayList&lt;&gt;();
for (TbContent tbContent : contentList) {
AdNode node = new AdNode();
node.setHeight(240);
node.setWidth(670);
node.setSrc(tbContent.getPic()); node.setHeightB(240);
node.setWidthB(550);
node.setSrcB(tbContent.getPic2()); node.setAlt(tbContent.getSubTitle());
node.setHref(tbContent.getUrl()); resultList.add(node);
}
//需要把resultList转换成json数据
String resultJson = JsonUtils.objectToJson(resultList);
return resultJson;
}

}

(rest项目)indexcontroller

    @Autowired
    private ContentService contentService;
    @RequestMapping("/index")
    public String showIndex(Model model){
    String json=contentService.getAd1List();
    model.addAttribute("ad1",json);
    return "index";
    }
@Autowired
private ContentService contentService;
@RequestMapping("/index")
public String showIndex(Model model){
String json=contentService.getAd1List();
model.addAttribute("ad1",json);
return "index";
}</pre><br>

查看网页源代码,可以看到传过来的json格式的数据。

总结:

HttpClient与Jsonp能够轻易的解决跨域问题,从而得到自己想要的数据(来自不同IP,协议,端口),唯一的不同点是,HttpClient是在Java代码中进行跨域访问,而Jsonp是在js中进行跨域访问。跨域还有一级跨域,二级跨域,更多内容值得研究。

使用Httpclient 完美解决服务端跨域问题的相关教程结束。

《使用Httpclient 完美解决服务端跨域问题.doc》

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