h5学习-canvas绘制矩形、圆形、文字、动画

2023-05-25,,

绘制矩形
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>canvas绘制矩形</title>
<script type="text/javascript" src="canvas.js"></script>
<style type="text/css">//让矩形显示置顶
body{
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
</style>
</head>
<body onload="draw('canvas');">
<canvas id = "canvas" width="500" height="350"></canvas>
</body>
</html>
//canvas.js
function draw(id){
var canvas = document.getElementById(id);
var context = canvas.getContext('2d');
context.fillStyle = "#000";
context.strokeStyle = "#f60";
context.lineWidth = 5;
context.fillRect(0,0,500,350);
context.strokeRect(50,50,180,120); }

绘制一个矩形:
1。获取canvas元素 getElementById()
2。取得上下文 getContext()
3。填充与绘制边框 fill() stroke()
4。设置绘制样式 fillStyle stokeStyle 属性
5。指定画笔宽度 getcontext().linewidth
6。设置颜色值 通过第4步的属性来设置
7。绘制矩形 context.fillRect(x,y,width,height)
context.strokeRect(x,y,width,height)
 
 绘制圆形

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>canvas绘制圆形</title>
<script type="text/javascript" src="canvas.js"></script>
<style type="text/css">
body{
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
</style>
</head>
<body onload="draw('canvas');">
<canvas id = "canvas" width="500" height="500"></canvas>
</body>
</html>
function draw(id){
var canvas = document.getElementById(id);
var context = canvas.getContext('2d');
context.fillStyle = "#f1f2f3";
context.fillRect(0,0,500,500);//背景的绘制 for(var i = 0;i<10;i++){
context.beginPath();
context.arc(25*i,25*i,10*i,0,Math.PI*2,true);
context.closePath();
context.fillStyle = "rgba(255,0,0,0.25)";
context.fill();
} }

效果图;

绘制一个圆形:
1。创建开始路径,context.beginPath()
2.创建图形路径,context.arc(x,y,radius,starAngle,endAngle,anticlockwise);
var radius = degress*Math.PI/180, Math.PI=180度
anticlockwise 是否顺时针
3.创建完成关闭路径,context.clasePath()
4。设置绘制样式然后调用绘制方法进行绘制,context.filllStyle = 'rgba(255,0,0,0.25)';context.fill();
 
 
绘制文字:

function draw(id){
var canvas = document.getElementById(id);
var context = canvas.getContext('2d');
context.fillStyle = "#a0f";
context.fillRect(0,0,800,300);//背景的绘制 context.fillStyle = "#fff";//文字的颜色
context.strokeStyle = "#fff"; context.fillText("小柠檬呢",50,50);
context.strokeText("小小的柠檬",50,100);

绘制动画

var i;
function draw(id){
var canvas = document.getElementById(id);
context = canvas.getContext('2d');
setInterval(painting,100);//设置动画的间隔时间。第一个参数表示执行动画的函数,第二个函数 间隔时间
//通过不断地变化xy坐标来实现动画效果。clearRect(),将画布整体或者局部擦除。
i=0;
} function painting(){
context.fillStyle = "#f00";
context.fillRect(i,0,10,10);
i=i+20;
}

 

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