LVM 的基本概念
物理卷 Physical Volume (PV)：可以在上面建立卷组的媒介，可以是硬盘分区，也可以是硬盘本身或者回环文件（loopback file）。物理卷包括一个特殊的 header，其余部分被切割为一块块物理区域（physical extents）
卷组 Volume group (VG)：将一组物理卷收集为一个管理单元
逻辑卷 Logical volume (LV)：虚拟分区，由物理区域（physical extents）组成
物理区域 Physical extent (PE)：硬盘可供指派给逻辑卷的最小单位（通常为 4MB）
新建分区
root@hello:~# fdisk /dev/sda
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.34).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
GPT PMBR size mismatch (209715199 != 629145599) will be corrected by write.
The backup GPT table is not on the end of the device. This problem will be corrected by write.
Command (m for help): n
Partition number (4-128, default 4):
First sector (209713152-629145566, default 209713152):
Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (209713152-629145566, default 629145566):
Created a new partition 4 of type 'Linux filesystem' and of size 200 GiB.
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sda: 300 GiB, 322122547200 bytes, 629145600 sectors
Disk model: QEMU HARDDISK
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: 9FD87B41-A400-4DD9-AE87-C852ACB2854D
Device Start End Sectors Size Type
/dev/sda1 2048 4095 2048 1M BIOS boot
/dev/sda2 4096 2101247 2097152 1G Linux filesystem
/dev/sda3 2101248 209713151 207611904 99G Linux filesystem
/dev/sda4 209713152 629145566 419432415 200G Linux filesystem
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered.
Syncing disks.
root@hello:~#扩展pv并查看
root@hello:~# pvcreate /dev/sda4
Physical volume "/dev/sda4" successfully created.
root@hello:~# pvdisplay
--- Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sda3
VG Name ubuntu-vg
PV Size <99.00 GiB / not usable 0
Allocatable yes (but full)
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 25343
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 25343
PV UUID DfUNvp-F4D5-J6Rj-sMcS-PqE1-bKf6-2XLfb2
--- Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sda4
VG Name ubuntu-vg
PV Size 200.00 GiB / not usable 4.98 MiB
Allocatable yes (but full)
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 51199
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 51199
PV UUID yeXSs6-mUWY-Q31q-oD0J-yWHA-zPfp-92AKrO扩展vg并查看
root@hello:~# vgextend ubuntu-vg /dev/sda4
Volume group "ubuntu-vg" successfully extended
root@hello:~# vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name ubuntu-vg
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 4
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 1
Open LV 1
Max PV 0
Cur PV 2
Act PV 2
VG Size 298.99 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 76542
Alloc PE / Size 76542 / 298.99 GiB
Free PE / Size 0 / 0
VG UUID QpG0NU-5tPY-q5Bw-mLIu-Axl6-mdtP-19WWq6扩展lv并查看
root@hello:~# lvextend /dev/ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv /dev/sda4
Size of logical volume ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv changed from <99.00 GiB (25343 extents) to 298.99 GiB (76542 extents).
Logical volume ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv successfully resized.
root@hello:~# lvdisplay
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv
LV Name ubuntu-lv
VG Name ubuntu-vg
LV UUID ODU5p6-8E8i-30tn-3hzs-AifF-iF4Z-HzMuFL
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time ubuntu-server, 2022-03-29 09:07:30 +0000
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 298.99 GiB
Current LE 76542
Segments 2
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 256
Block device 253:0扩展根文件系统
root@hello:~# resize2fs /dev/ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv
resize2fs 1.45.5 (07-Jan-2020)
Filesystem at /dev/ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv is mounted on /; on-line resizing required
old_desc_blocks = 13, new_desc_blocks = 38
The filesystem on /dev/ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv is now 78379008 (4k) blocks long.若是xfs文件系统，可以使用xfs_growfs命令
root@hello:~# df -hT | grep ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv
/dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv ext4 294G 14G 268G 5% /
root@hello:~#查看块设备的依赖关系
root@hello:~# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
loop0 7:0 0 31.1M 1 loop /snap/snapd/10707
loop1 7:1 0 55.4M 1 loop /snap/core18/1944
loop2 7:2 0 69.9M 1 loop /snap/lxd/19188
sda 8:0 0 300G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 1M 0 part
├─sda2 8:2 0 1G 0 part /boot
├─sda3 8:3 0 99G 0 part
│ └─ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv 253:0 0 299G 0 lvm /
└─sda4 8:4 0 200G 0 part
└─ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv 253:0 0 299G 0 lvm /
sr0 11:0 1 1.1G 0 rom
root@hello:~#https://www.oiox.cn/
https://www.chenby.cn/
https://cby-chen.github.io/
https://weibo.com/u/5982474121
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_33921750
https://my.oschina.net/u/3981543
https://www.zhihu.com/people/chen-bu-yun-2
https://segmentfault.com/u/hppyvyv6/articles
https://juejin.cn/user/3315782802482007
https://space.bilibili.com/352476552/article
https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/column/93230
https://www.jianshu.com/u/0f894314ae2c
https://www.toutiao.com/c/user/token/MS4wLjABAAAAeqOrhjsoRZSj7iBJbjLJyMwYT5D0mLOgCoo4pEmpr4A/
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