技术教程 编程代码 用cxf开发restful风格的WebService 正文

用cxf开发restful风格的WebService

2023-07-11,,

我们都知道cxf还可以开发restful风格的webService，下面是利用maven+spring4+cxf搭建webService服务端和客户端Demo

1、pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">

    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.jacky</groupId>

    <artifactId>cxf_restful_server</artifactId>

    <packaging>war</packaging>

    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <name>cxf_restful_server Maven Webapp</name>

    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

    <dependencies>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>junit</groupId>

            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>

            <version>3.8.1</version>

            <scope>test</scope>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>javax</groupId>

            <artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId>

            <version>7.0</version>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.apache.servicemix.bundles</groupId>

            <artifactId>org.apache.servicemix.bundles.json-lib</artifactId>

            <version>2.4_1</version>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>javax.ws.rs</groupId>

            <artifactId>jsr311-api</artifactId>

            <version>1.1.1</version>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>

            <artifactId>cxf-rt-frontend-jaxrs</artifactId>

            <version>2.7.3</version>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>

            <artifactId>cxf-rt-rs-client</artifactId>

            <version>3.0.0-milestone1</version>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>

            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>

            <version>4.0.0-b01</version>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>

            <artifactId>jackson-jaxrs</artifactId>

            <version>1.2.1</version>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>

            <version>4.0.2.RELEASE</version>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>

            <version>4.0.2.RELEASE</version>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

            <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>

            <version>4.0.2.RELEASE</version>

        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

    <build>

        <plugins>

            <plugin>

                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>

                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>

                <configuration>

                    <source>1.7</source>

                    <target>1.7</target>

                </configuration>

            </plugin>

        </plugins>

        <finalName>cxf_restful_server</finalName>

    </build>

</project>

 2、cxf-restful-server.xml

<?xml version="1.0"  encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:jaxrs="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxrs"

    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

    xsi:schemaLocation="

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd

http://cxf.apache.org/jaxrs

http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/jaxrs.xsd">  

   <!-- 使用注解式注入 -->

    <context:annotation-config />

    <!-- 自动扫描 -->

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.jacky" />

    <bean id="rs" class="com.jacky.service.impl.RESTSampleSource"></bean>

    <jaxrs:server address="/" id="RESTWebService">

        <jaxrs:serviceBeans>

            <ref bean="rs"/>    <!--如果还有其它的服务，继续在这里引用-->

        </jaxrs:serviceBeans>  

        <jaxrs:providers>

            <bean class="org.codehaus.jackson.jaxrs.JacksonJsonProvider" />

            <bean class="org.apache.cxf.jaxrs.provider.JAXBElementProvider" />

        </jaxrs:providers>

    </jaxrs:server>  

</beans>

3、applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"

    xmlns:oscache="http://www.springmodules.org/schema/oscache"

    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"

    xmlns:cache="http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache"

    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache-3.1.xsd">

    <import resource="cxf-restful-server.xml"/>

    <!-- 使用注解式注入 -->

    <context:annotation-config />

    <!-- 自动扫描 -->

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.jacky" />

    <bean class="org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor"/>
    <!--调用restful服务端方式1-->

    <bean id="webClient" class="org.apache.cxf.jaxrs.client.WebClient" factory-method="create">

        <constructor-arg type="java.lang.String" value="http://localhost:8080/cxf_restful_server/cxf/" />

    </bean>

    <!--调用restful服务端方式2-->

    <bean id="rESTSample" class="org.apache.cxf.jaxrs.client.JAXRSClientFactory" factory-method="create">

        <constructor-arg type="java.lang.String" value="http://localhost:8080/cxf_restful_server/cxf/" />

        <constructor-arg type="java.lang.Class" value="com.jacky.service.RESTSample" />

    </bean>  

</beans>

4、User.java  实体类

package com.jacky.entity;

import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;

import java.io.Serializable;  

@XmlRootElement(name = "UserInfo")

public class User implements Serializable {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 677484458789332877L;

    private int id;

    private String name;

    private String email;

    private String address;  

    public void setId(int id) {

        this.id = id;

    }  

    public void setName(String name) {

        this.name = name;

    }  

    public void setEmail(String email) {

        this.email = email;

    }  

    public void setAddress(String address) {

        this.address = address;

    }  

    public static long getSerialVersionUID() {

        return serialVersionUID;

    }  

    public int getId() {

        return id;

    }  

    public String getName() {

        return name;

    }  

    public String getEmail() {

        return email;

    }  

    public String getAddress() {

        return address;

    }

    @Override

    public String toString() {

        return "User [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", email=" + email

                + ", address=" + address + "]";

    }

}

5、RESTSample.java 接口

package com.jacky.service;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import javax.ws.rs.*;

import javax.ws.rs.core.Context;

import javax.ws.rs.core.MediaType;

import javax.ws.rs.core.Request;

import javax.ws.rs.core.UriInfo;  

import com.jacky.entity.User;

import java.io.IOException;  

@Path(value = "/sample")

public interface RESTSample   {

    @GET

    @Path(value ="/doGet")

    @Produces(MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN)

    public String doGet();  

    @GET

    @Produces(MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN)

    @Path("/request/{param}")

    public String doRequest(@PathParam("param") String param,

                            @Context HttpServletRequest servletRequest,

                            @Context HttpServletResponse servletResponse) ;  

    @GET

    @Path("/bean/{id}")

    @Produces({MediaType.APPLICATION_XML, MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON})

    public User getBean(@PathParam("id") int id) ; 

    @GET

    @Path("/message/{id}")

    @Produces({MediaType.APPLICATION_XML, MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON})

    public String getMessage(@PathParam("id") int id);  

    /*

        @Consumes：声明该方法可以接受的MIME

        @FormParam：注入该方法的 HTML 属性确定的表单输入。

        @Produces ：表示该方法返回的MIME类型

     */

    @POST

    @Path("/postData")

    @Produces({MediaType.APPLICATION_XML, MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON})

    public User postData(User user) throws IOException ;  

    @PUT

    @Path("/putData/{id}")

    @Produces({MediaType.APPLICATION_XML})

    public User putData(@PathParam("id") int id, User user);  

    @DELETE

    @Path("/removeData/{id}")

    public void deleteData(@PathParam("id") int id) ;

}

6、RESTSampleSource.java 接口的实现

package com.jacky.service.impl;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;  

import net.sf.json.JSONObject;  

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import javax.ws.rs.*;

import javax.ws.rs.core.Context;

import javax.ws.rs.core.MediaType;

import javax.ws.rs.core.Request;

import javax.ws.rs.core.UriInfo;  

import com.jacky.entity.User;

import com.jacky.service.RESTSample;

import java.io.IOException;  

/*

     注释（Annotation）：在 javax.ws.rs.* 中定义，是 JAX-RS (JSR 311) 规范的一部分。

    @Path：定义资源基 URI。由上下文根和主机名组成，资源标识符类似于 http://localhost:8080/RESTful/rest/hello。

    @GET：这意味着以下方法可以响应 HTTP GET 方法。

    @Produces：以纯文本方式定义响应内容 MIME 类型。  

    @Context： 使用该注释注入上下文对象，比如 Request、Response、UriInfo、ServletContext 等。

    @Path("{contact}")：这是 @Path 注释，与根路径 “/contacts” 结合形成子资源的 URI。

    @PathParam("contact")：该注释将参数注入方法参数的路径，在本例中就是联系人 id。其他可用的注释有 @FormParam、@QueryParam 等。

    @Produces：响应支持多个 MIME 类型。在本例和上一个示例中，APPLICATION/XML 将是默认的 MIME 类型。

 */  

@Path(value = "/sample")

public  class RESTSampleSource implements RESTSample {  

    @Context

    private UriInfo uriInfo;  

    @Context

    private Request request;  

    @GET

    @Path(value ="/doGet")

    @Produces(MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN)

    public String doGet() {

        System.out.println("测试时doGet");

        return "this is get rest request";

    }  

    @GET

    @Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)

    @Path("/request/{param}")

    public String doRequest(@PathParam("param") String param,

                            @Context HttpServletRequest servletRequest, @Context HttpServletResponse servletResponse) {

        System.out.println(servletRequest);

        System.out.println(servletResponse);

        System.out.println("param======"+param);

        System.out.println(servletRequest.getContentType());

        System.out.println(servletResponse.getCharacterEncoding());

        try {

            System.out.println(servletResponse.getOutputStream());

        } catch (IOException e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

        }

        return "success";

    }  

    @GET

    @Path("/bean/{id}")

    @Produces({ MediaType.APPLICATION_XML, MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON })

    public User getBean(@PathParam("id") int id) {

        System.out.println("============getBean==============");

        System.out.println("id:" + id);

        System.out.println("客户端请求方式:" + request.getMethod());

        System.out.println("客户端请求的uri:" + uriInfo.getPath());

        System.out.println(uriInfo.getPathParameters());  

        User user = new User();

        user.setId(id);

        user.setName("lulu");

        return user;

    }

    @GET

    @Path("/message/{id}")

    @Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)

    public String getMessage(@PathParam("id") int id) {

        JSONObject jsonObject=new JSONObject();

        User user = new User();

        user.setId(id);

        user.setName("JojO");

        return  jsonObject.fromObject(user).toString();

    }  

    @POST

    @Path("/postData")

    @Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)

    @Consumes(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)

    public User postData(User user) throws IOException {

        System.out.println("user=========="+user);

        user.setName("jacky");

        return user;

    }  

    @PUT

    @Path("/putData/{id}")

    @Produces({ MediaType.APPLICATION_XML })

    public User putData(@PathParam("id") int id, User user) {

        System.out.println("=========putData========");

        System.out.println(user);

        user.setId(id);

        user.setAddress("hoojo#gz");

        user.setEmail("hoojo_@126.com");

        user.setName("hoojo");

        System.out.println(user);

        return user;

    }  

    @DELETE

    @Path("/removeData/{id}")

    public void deleteData(@PathParam("id") int id) {

        System.out.println("======deleteData=========" + id);

    }

}

7、Client.java

package com.jacky.client;

import org.apache.cxf.jaxrs.client.WebClient;

import org.junit.Before;

import org.junit.Test;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;

import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import com.jacky.service.RESTSample;

public class Client {

    @Autowired

    private RESTSample rESTSample;

    @Autowired

    private WebClient webClient;

    @Before

    public void initContext(){

        ApplicationContext ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:applicationContext.xml");

        webClient=(WebClient)ac.getBean("webClient");

        rESTSample=(RESTSample)ac.getBean("rESTSample");

    }

    @Test

    public void testWebService(){

        /*第一种调用接口方式

                 优点：不需要服务端提供接口

                 缺点:不够方便*/

        String user=  webClient.path("sample/message/6").accept("MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON").get(String.class);

        System.out.println(user);

    }  

    @Test

    public void testWebService2(){

        /*第二种调用接口方式

        优点:调用方便

        缺点:需要服务端提供接口*/

        String user=  rESTSample.getMessage(6);

        System.out.println(user);

    }

}

到这里用cxf开发restful就完成了

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