项目搭建系列之一：使用Maven搭建SpringMVC项目

　　约定电脑都安装了eclipse，且已配置好Maven以及eclipse插件。

　　1.Eclipse

　　2.maven

　　3.Eclipse 需要安装maven插件。url:maven - http://download.eclipse.org/technology/m2e/releases 。

1、新建一个Maven Project

2、选择工作空间

3、搭建Web工程，我们选择maven-archetype-webapp类型

4、填写项目参数，如图

5、以上步骤完成时的工程结构目录

6、可以查看或修改发布目录

7、确保勾选上Dynamic Web Module和Java

8、完成以上步骤，我们的工程就是一个Web项目了，接着我们赋予工程的springmvc特性，配置web.xml，使其具有springmvc特性，主要配置两处，一个是ContextLoaderListener，一个是DispatcherServlet。代码如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"

    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee

    http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">

    <!-- 配置web.xml，使其具有springmvc特性，主要配置两处，一个是ContextLoaderListener，一个是DispatcherServlet -->

    <context-param>

        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

        <param-value>classpath*:applicationContext.xml</param-value>

    </context-param>

    <!-- 配置ContextLoaderListener表示，该工程要以spring的方式启动。启动时会默认在/WEB-INF目录下查找applicationContext.xml
作为spring容器的配置文件，该文件里可以初始化一些bean -->

    <listener>

        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>

    </listener>

    <!-- 字符集过滤器 -->

    <filter>

        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>

        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>

        <init-param>

            <param-name>encoding</param-name>

            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>

        </init-param>

    </filter>

    <filter-mapping>

        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>

        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>

    </filter-mapping>

    <!-- spring mvc 配置 -->

    <!-- 配置DispatcherServlet表示，该工程将采用springmvc的方式。启动时也会默认在/WEB-INF目录下查找XXX-servlet.xml作为配置文件，

        XXX就是DispatcherServlet的名字，该文件中将配置两项重要的mvc特性：HandlerMapping,负责为DispatcherServlet这个前端控制器的请求查找Controller；

        ViewResolver,负责为DispatcherServlet查找ModelAndView的视图解析器。

        此处使用指定的配置文件spring-mvc.xml -->

    <servlet>

        <servlet-name>contacts</servlet-name>

        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>

        <init-param>

            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

            <!--<param-value>/WEB-INF/classes/spring-mvc-servlet.xml</param-value>-->

            <param-value>classpath*:/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>

        </init-param>

        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>

    </servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>

        <servlet-name>contacts</servlet-name>

        <url-pattern>*.htm</url-pattern>

    </servlet-mapping>

    <welcome-file-list>

        <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>

    </welcome-file-list>

</web-app>

9、配置ContextLoaderListener表示，该工程要以spring的方式启动。启动时会默认在/WEB-INF目录下查找 applicationContext.xml作为spring容器的配置文件，这里可以初始化一些bean，如DataSource等。代码如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"

    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"

    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.1.xsd 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.1.xsd">

    <!-- bean definitions here -->

    <context:component-scan base-package="cn.jxufe" />

    <!-- 配置读取外部配置文件 -->

    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties" />

    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"

        destroy-method="close" p:driverClassName="${jdbc.driverClassName}"

        p:url="${jdbc.url}" p:username="${jdbc.username}" p:password="${jdbc.password}" />

    <context:annotation-config /> <!-- 此行语句使得resource autowired 等四个注解可以使用 -->

    <!-- 实例化jdbcTemplate,同时注入数据源 -->

    <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate"

        p:dataSource-ref="dataSource" />

    <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->

    <bean id="txManager"

        class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">

        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />

    </bean>

    <!-- 事务扫描开始(开启@Tranctional) -->

    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager" />

</beans>

10、配置DispatcherServlet表示，该工程将采用springmvc的方式。启动时也会默认在/WEB-INF目录下查找XXX- servlet.xml作为配置文件，XXX就是DispatcherServlet的名字，该文件中将配置两项重要的mvc特性：ViewResolver,负责为DispatcherServlet查找ModelAndView的视图解析器。这里我们使用指定的xml配置文件spring-mvc.xml，代码如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"

xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd    
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd 
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd"

default-lazy-init="true">

    <!-- 启动事务添加配置 -->

    <context:component-scan base-package="cn.jxufe">

        <!-- 排除扫描service标签 -->

        <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Service"/>

    </context:component-scan>  

    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">

        <!-- 注册JASON转换器 -->

        <property name="messageConverters">

            <list>

                <ref bean="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter"/>

                <ref bean="utf8StringHttpMessageConverter"/>

            </list>

        </property>

    </bean>

    <bean id="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter">

        <property name="supportedMediaTypes">

            <list>

                <value>text/plain;charset=UTF-8</value>

                <value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>

                <value>application/json;charset=UTF-8</value>

            </list>

        </property>

    </bean>

    <bean id="utf8StringHttpMessageConverter" class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter">

        <property name="supportedMediaTypes">

            <list>

                <value>text/plain;charset=UTF-8</value>

                <value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>

                <value>application/json;charset=UTF-8</value>

            </list>

        </property>

    </bean>

    <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">

        <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>

        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"/>

        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>

    </bean>

    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.i18n.LocaleChangeInterceptor"></bean>

    <!-- 当配置了<mvc:annotation-driven/>后，会自动加载org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping和
org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter，所以如果显示的配置则需去掉配置<mvc:annotation-driven/> -->

    <!--<mvc:annotation-driven/>-->

</beans>

11、配置pom.xml文件，让maven自动配置jar包，代码如下

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">

    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>cn.jxufe</groupId>

    <artifactId>SpringMVC-Maven</artifactId>

    <packaging>war</packaging>

    <version>1.0</version>

    <name>SpringMVC-Maven Maven Webapp</name>

    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

    <properties>

        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>

        <spring.version>3.1.2.RELEASE</spring.version>

    </properties>

    <dependencies>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>junit</groupId>

            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>

            <version>3.8.1</version>

            <scope>test</scope>

        </dependency>

        <!-- spring begin -->

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>

            <version>${spring.version}</version>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>

            <version>${spring.version}</version>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>

            <version>${spring.version}</version>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

            <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>

            <version>${spring.version}</version>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>

            <version>${spring.version}</version>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>

            <version>${spring.version}</version>

        </dependency>

        <!-- spring end -->

        <!-- web jar -->

        <dependency>

            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>

            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>

            <version>3.0.1</version>

            <scope>provided</scope>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>

            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>

            <version>1.1.2</version>

            <scope>provided</scope>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>

            <artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>

            <version>2.3.1</version>

            <scope>provided</scope>

        </dependency>

        <!-- jackson jar -->

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>

            <artifactId>jackson-jaxrs</artifactId>

            <version>1.9.11</version>

        </dependency>

        <!-- commons jar -->

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>

            <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>

            <version>3.3.2</version>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>commons-io</groupId>

            <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>

            <version>2.4</version>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>

            <artifactId>commons-collections4</artifactId>

            <version>4.0</version>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>

            <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>

            <version>1.1.3</version>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>commons-codec</groupId>

            <artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>

            <version>1.8</version>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>commons-beanutils</groupId>

            <artifactId>commons-beanutils</artifactId>

            <version>1.8.3</version>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>commons-chain</groupId>

            <artifactId>commons-chain</artifactId>

            <version>1.2</version>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>

            <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>

            <version>1.3.1</version>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>

            <artifactId>commons-math3</artifactId>

            <version>3.3</version>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>

            <artifactId>commons-pool2</artifactId>

            <version>2.2</version>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>

            <artifactId>commons-digester3</artifactId>

            <version>3.2</version>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>commons-net</groupId>

            <artifactId>commons-net</artifactId>

            <version>3.3</version>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>commons-dbutils</groupId>

            <artifactId>commons-dbutils</artifactId>

            <version>1.5</version>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>

            <artifactId>commons-email</artifactId>

            <version>1.3.3</version>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>

            <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>

            <version>1.4</version>

        </dependency>

        <!-- jstl jar -->

        <dependency>

            <groupId>jstl</groupId>

            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>

            <version>1.2</version>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>taglibs</groupId>

            <artifactId>standard</artifactId>

            <version>1.1.2</version>

        </dependency>

        <!-- 日志相关 -->

        <dependency>

            <groupId>log4j</groupId>

            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>

            <version>1.2.16</version>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>

            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>

            <version>1.7.5</version>

        </dependency>

        <!-- 验证码kaptcha -->

        <dependency>

            <groupId>com.google.code</groupId>

            <artifactId>kaptcha</artifactId>

            <version>2.3.0</version>

        </dependency>

        <!-- mysql -->

        <dependency>

            <groupId>mysql</groupId>

            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>

            <version>5.1.31</version>

        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

    <build>

        <finalName>SpringMVC-Maven</finalName>

    </build>

</project>

12、完成以上步骤后，可以继续配置jdbc.properties、log4j.properties等文件。至此SpringMVC项目搭建完成，工程结构如下图：

13、今后博客中的代码我都会托管到GibHub上，有需要的朋友可以查看。GitHub

项目搭建系列之一：使用Maven搭建SpringMVC项目的相关教程结束。