samba 通过简单配置就能够实现Linux系统与Windows系统之间的文件共享工作，也可实现Linux与Linux之间的文件共享。
在配置samba前，有个小建议：虚拟机的ip地址最好配置成静态的，动态也可以哦。
samba服务程序的配置方法
第一步：在虚拟机中安装samba
[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y samba
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.aliyun.com
* extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
* updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package samba.x86_64 0:4.10.16-13.el7_9 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
=======================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
=======================================================================================
Installing:
samba x86_64 4.10.16-13.el7_9 updates 719 k
Transaction Summary
=======================================================================================
Install 1 Package
Total download size: 719 k
Installed size: 2.2 M
Downloading packages:
samba-4.10.16-13.el7_9.x86_64.rpm | 719 kB 00:00:00
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : samba-4.10.16-13.el7_9.x86_64 1/1
Verifying : samba-4.10.16-13.el7_9.x86_64 1/1
Installed:
samba.x86_64 0:4.10.16-13.el7_9
Complete!
[root@localhost ~]#
第二步：查看samba服务程序主配置文件，并将主配置文件多余的删去，只留下下面部分
（修改配置文件时使用命令 vim /etc/samba/smb.conf）
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/samba/smb.conf
[global]
workgroup = MYGROUP
security = user
passdb backend = tdbsam
printing = cups
printcap name = cups
load printers = yes
cups options = raw
[print$]
comment = Printer Drivers
path = /var/lib/samba/drivers
write list = @printadmin root
force group = @printadmin
create mask = 0664
directory mask = 0775
[root@localhost ~]#
第三步：通过修改配置文件配置共享资源，手动添加下面信息
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/samba/smb.conf
[global]
workgroup = MYGROUP
security = user
passdb backend = tdbsam
printing = cups
printcap name = cups
load printers = yes
cups options = raw
[database]
comment =Do not arbitrarily modify the database file
path = /home/database
public = no
writable = yes
[print$]
comment = Printer Drivers
path = /var/lib/samba/drivers
write list = @printadmin root
force group = @printadmin
create mask = 0664
directory mask = 0775
[root@localhost ~]#
第四步：重启samba服务
[root@localhost ~]#systemctl restart smb
[root@localhost ~]#
第五步：创建用于访问共享资源的账户信息
Samba服务程序的数据库要求账户必须在当前系统中已经存在，否则日后创建文件时将导致文件的权限属性混乱不堪，由此引发错误。
pdbedit命令用于管理SMB服务程序的账户信息数据库，格式为“pdbedit [选项] 账户”。在第一次把账户信息写入到数据库时需要使用-a参数，以后在执行修改密码、删除账户等操作时就不再需要该参数了
[root@localhost ~]# useradd linuxprobe
[root@localhost ~]# id linuxprobe
uid=1000(linuxprobe) gid=1000(linuxprobe) groups=1000(linuxprobe)
[root@localhost ~]# pdbedit -a -u linuxprobe
new password:此处输入该账户在Samba服务数据库中的密码
retype new password:再次输入密码进行确认
Unix username: linuxprobe
NT username:
Account Flags: [U ]
User SID: S-1-5-21-507407404-3243012849-3065158664-1000
Primary Group SID: S-1-5-21-507407404-3243012849-3065158664-513
Full Name: linuxprobe
Home Directory: \\localhost\linuxprobe
HomeDir Drive:
Logon Script:
Profile Path: \\localhost\linuxprobe\profile
Domain: LOCALHOST
Account desc:
Workstations:
Munged dial:
Logon time: 0
Logoff time: Wed, 06 Feb 2036 10:06:39 EST
Kickoff time: Wed, 06 Feb 2036 10:06:39 EST
Password last set: Mon, 13 Mar 2017 04:22:25 EDT
Password can change: Mon, 13 Mar 2017 04:22:25 EDT
Password must change: never
Last bad password : 0
Bad password count : 0
Logon hours : FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF
第六步：创建用于共享资源的文件目录，并且设置文件权限
修改完毕后执行restorecon命令，让应用于目录的新SELinux安全上下文立即生效
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /home/database
[root@localhost ~]# chown -Rf linuxprobe:linuxprobe /home/database
[root@localhost ~]# semanage fcontext -a -t samba_share_t /home/database
[root@localhost ~]# restorecon -Rv /home/database
restorecon reset /home/database context unconfined_u:object_r:home_root_t:s0->unconfined_u:object_r:samba_share_t:s0
第七步：设置SELinux服务与策略，使其允许通过Samba服务程序访问普通用户家目录
执行getsebool命令，筛选出所有与Samba服务程序相关的SELinux域策略，根据策略的名称选择出正确的策略条目进行开启即可
[root@localhost ~]# getsebool -a | grep samba
samba_create_home_dirs --> off
samba_domain_controller --> off
samba_enable_home_dirs --> off
samba_export_all_ro --> off
samba_export_all_rw --> off
samba_portmapper --> off
samba_run_unconfined --> off
samba_share_fusefs --> off
samba_share_nfs --> off
sanlock_use_samba --> off
use_samba_home_dirs --> off
virt_sandbox_use_samba --> off
virt_use_samba --> off
[root@localhost ~]# setsebool -P samba_enable_home_dirs on
第八步：重启smb服务，并清空iptables防火墙，检验配置效果
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart smb
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable smb （ 开机自启动）
ln -s '/usr/lib/systemd/system/smb.service' '/etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/smb.service'
[root@localhost ~]# iptables -F
[root@localhost ~]# service iptables save
iptables: Saving firewall rules to /etc/sysconfig/iptables:[ OK ]
第九步：Windows挂载共享
要在Windows系统中访问共享资源，只需在Windows的“运行”命令框中输入两个反斜杠，然后再加上虚拟机中的IP地址即可
可以采用简单的方式查看虚拟机的ip地址,取第一个地址
[root@localhost ~]# hostname -I
192.168.146.133 192.168.122.1
确定后会打开如下界面
输入账户与密码，就可看到共享界面的文档了。
可以在共享文档里面新建文件，可分别在Windows系统和Linux系统中查看
Windows系统中的效果如下图
在Linux系统中的效果如下图
第十步：Linux挂载共享
Samba服务程序也可以实现Linux系统之间的文件共享，设置Samba服务程序所在主机（即Samba共享服务器）和Linux客户端使用的IP地址，然后在客户端安装支持文件共享服务的软件包（cifs-utils）。
[root@localhost ~]# yum install cifs-utils
Loaded plugins: langpacks, product-id, subscription-manager
rhel | 4.1 kB 00:00
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package cifs-utils.x86_64 0:6.2-6.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Installing:
cifs-utils x86_64 6.2-6.el7 rhel 83 k
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install 1 Package
Total download size: 83 k
Installed size: 174 k
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
Downloading packages:
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : cifs-utils-6.2-6.el7.x86_64 1/1
Verifying : cifs-utils-6.2-6.el7.x86_64 1/1
Installed:
cifs-utils.x86_64 0:6.2-6.el7
Complete!
第十一步：配置Linux客户端
按照Samba服务的用户名、密码、共享域的顺序将相关信息写入到一个认证文件中，为了保证不被其他人随意看到，最后把这个认证文件的权限修改为仅root管理员才能够读写[root@localhost ~]# vim auth.smb
username=linuxprobe
password=redhat
domain=MYGROUP
[root@localhost ~]# chmod -Rf 600 auth.smb
第十二步：Linux客户端上创建一个用于挂载Samba服务共享资源的目录
把挂载信息写入到/etc/fstab文件中，以确保共享挂载信息在服务器重启后依然生效
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /database
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/fstab
#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Wed May 4 19:26:23 2017
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
/dev/mapper/rhel-root / xfs defaults 1 1
UUID=812b1f7c-8b5b-43da-8c06-b9999e0fe48b /boot xfs defaults 1 2
/dev/mapper/rhel-swap swap swap defaults 0 0
/dev/cdrom /media/cdrom iso9660 defaults 0 0
//192.168.146.133/database /database cifs credentials=/root/auth.smb 0 0
[root@localhost ~]# mount -a
第十三步：进入到挂载目录/database后就可以看到Windows系统访问Samba服务程序时留下来文件了（即文件feifei.txt）
[root@linuxprobe ~]# cat /database/feifei.txt
I like you but just like you
文章到这里就结束啦，希望对你有用哦！
